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The following sections show you how to work with operators:Table of Contents
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Understand operator types
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Arithmetic operators
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Arithmetic operators are symbols that represent mathematic functions.
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For example, instead of writing the full expression:
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$hammer = $hammer + 3.5; |
You can write the following shortcut:
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$hammer += 3.5; |
Both statements accomplish the same results.
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These examples show how to use shortcut operators rather than writing out full expressions:
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// Declare variable |
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int $inside = 1; |
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// Shortcut for expression $inside = $inside + 9 |
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$inside += 9; |
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// Shortcut for expression $inside = $inside –2 |
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$inside -= 2; |
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// Shortcut for expression $inside = $inside 10 |
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$inside *= 10; |
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print $inside; |
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//declare variable |
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vector $outside = <<2,2,2>>; |
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// Shortcut for expression $outside += $outside + <<<<1,2,3>> |
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$outside += <<1,2,3>>; |
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print $outside; |
Comparison operators
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Comparison operators
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Comparison operators are used to compare two values and evaluate whether a statement is true based on the relation of the value on the left to the value on the right and then execute the statement accordingly.
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Note that comparison operators and arithmetic operators can be used in the same statement.
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// Prints "I love you" |
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float $threshold = 10.0; |
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if( $threshold < 25.0 ) |
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print( "I love you" ); |
You can write a hook statement with a comparison operator using three operands.
Examples of comparison expressions
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//true |
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if (3.5 < 6) print ("true"); |
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//false |
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if (10 < 10) print ("true"); |
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//false |
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if (56 == 57) print ("true"); |
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//false |
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if (-3 != 3) print ("true"); |
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//true |
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if (-3 >= -3) print ("true"); |
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//false |
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if (0 <= -3) print ("true"); |
Hook statements
A hook statement is written with three operands. The first operand is a test condition that represents true or false. This operand is followed by a question mark ?, then the second and third operands are separated by a colon ( : ).
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If the test condition is true, the operand after the question mark ?, is used. Otherwise the operand after the colon ( : ) is used. For example:
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test condition ? operation1 : operation2 |
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int $markers = 5 < 9 ? 40 : 50; // Value: 40 |
Logical operators
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Logical operators are used to compare two values and evaluate whether a statement is true or false and then execute the statement accordingly. Logical operators create boolean results, that is, values of either TRUE or FALSE.
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An expression with a logical operator, also called a logical statement, is written with the first operand followed by a logic symbol, followed by the second operand:
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operand_1 logic_symbol operand_2 |
This table shows the symbols that Shogun Post recognizes as logical operators, defines their function, and indicates how the statement is evaluated as true.
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Examples of logical operators
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//true |
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if ( true || false) print ("true"); |
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//false |
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if ( true && false) print ("true"); |
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//false |
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if (no || no) print ("true"); |
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//false |
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if (off || off) print ("true"); |
Determine operator precedence
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The following sections list operator precedence from highest to lowest and show you how to influence precedence by grouping operators.
Highest precedence
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( ) [ ]
*/ % ^
+ -
< <= > >=
== !=
&& |
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?: |
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= += -= *= /= |
Lowest precedence
Examples of when precedence effects the value of a statement:
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//$front = (5 +(2*3)) |
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int $front = 5 + 2 3 |
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//$side = $side ((8 % 5) / 3) |
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int $back = 2 - 3 int (1 < 3); |
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//$side = $side ((8 % 5) / 3) |
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int $side = 2; |
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$side = 8 % 5 / 3; |
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Grouping operations for precedence
The order of operation can be manually dictated by placing parentheses around operators. This is because parentheses have highest operator precedence. Examples of dictating precedence:
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//$side = $side (8 % (5 / 3)) |
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int $side = 2; |
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$side *= 8 % (5 / 3); |
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int $top = (5 ( int($side >4))); |